6. Adjective
Definition :
An adjective is a part of
speech (word) that modifies a noun or a pronoun by qualifying, specifying or
describing it.
Adjective বলতে এমন এক ধরণের শব্দমালাকে বোঝায় যারা কোন Noun বা Pronoun এর যোগ্যতা, স্বতন্ত্রতা, বা বর্ণনা সম্পর্কে ধারণা দিয়ে থাকে।
Generally an adjective modifies a noun by
answering one of these following questions:
Which? What kind? How many?
Example:
- Foxes are cunning animal.
(Answer the question “What king of animal?”)
- Five or six gunmen attack
the area. (Answer the question “How many gunmen?”)
- The one eyed man tells
him the story. (Answer the question “Which man?”)
Adjective Classification:
Following are the different types of
adjectives
·
Qualitative Adjective or Descriptive
Adjective or Adjective of quality
·
Quantitative Adjective or Adjective of
quantity
·
Numeric Adjective or Adjective of Number
·
Demonstrative Adjective
·
Distributive Adjective
·
Possessive Adjective
·
Interrogative Adjective
i. Qualitative Adjective or Adjective of
quality:
Expresses the qualities of something or someone.
Such as great,
good, bad, wise, poor, nice, happy, pretty, angry, blue, etc.
Example:
- He gives me a great idea.
- Mr. Rahim is a good person.
- He is a bad guy.
Adjective of quality answer the question: what kind?
ii. Quantitative Adjective or Adjective of
quantity:
Expresses or indicates the
quantity of a noun or pronoun.
Such as some,
little, much, enough, whole, sufficient, all, none, more, half, no, etc.
Example:
- I have enough money
to but he car.
- The whole countrymen
congratulated the president.
- She wants all the
money.
Adjective of quantity answer the question: How many or much?
iii. Numeric or Adjective of number:
Express the number or order
of something or someone. Such as one, two, three, ………., first, second, third,
……………, single, double, triple, quadruple, twofold, threefold, fivefold, ………… etc.
Example:
- He can eat ten eggs
at a time.
- She is the first girl
in the class.
- The house owner does not
rent the room to the single person.
Adjective of number is to
types Definite and Indefinite.
Definite Numeric adjectives are of three
kinds.
Such as
- Cardinal (one, two, ….),
- Ordinal (first, second, ……),
- Multiplicative (Single, double, ……..)
iv. Demonstrative Adjective:
Specifies noun or pronoun. Such as this, that, those, these etc.
Example:
- This boy
is good.
- That is
her room.
- These are
the book to follow.
v. Distributive Adjective:
Express the distributive
state of nouns. Such as every, each, neither, either, both etc.
Example:
- Every movie
in the series is popular.
- Both the
boys are appreciated by them.
- Each person
will get the reward.
vi. Possessive Adjective:
Shows the possession or
belongingness in the sentence. Such
as his,
her, him, my, our, your, their, etc.
Example:
- This is her cell
phone.
- I have seen their house.
- Our house
is tow stored house.
vii. Interrogative Adjective:
Interrogative Adjective
modifies nouns in interrogative sentence. Such
as which,
what, whose, etc.
Example:
- What kind
of man he is?
- Whose phone
is this?
- Which program
are you listening?
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